What defines an intervening variable in research?

An intervening variable serves as a causal mechanism that helps explain the relationship between independent and dependent variables in research. It acts as a bridge, illustrating how or why certain effects occur due to the influence of an independent variable on a dependent variable. For example, if researchers find that education level (independent variable) has an impact on income (dependent variable), an intervening variable could be skill set, as it may mediate the relationship by explaining how education translates into higher income through improved skills.

By identifying an intervening variable, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the underlying processes at work within their study. This contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the relationships being examined, making findings more robust and informative for future research and application. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing theory and guiding practical interventions based on research findings.