What differentiates a survey from other types of data collection methods?

The distinguishing feature of a survey, particularly in the context of data collection methods, lies in its structured approach, often characterized by the use of closed-route questionnaires. Surveys are designed to gather quantitative data efficiently, allowing for easy comparison across respondents. Closed questions offer predefined answers, making it straightforward to analyze responses statistically. This format also contributes to the ability to gather large amounts of data from a wide sample size, enhancing the reliability and generalizability of the findings.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the nature of surveys. While some surveys can include open questions, they are not restricted to this format, and therefore, the assertion that they solely use open questions is incorrect. Focusing only on qualitative data does not capture the essence of a survey, which can incorporate both qualitative and quantitative elements, but leans more towards the latter to facilitate analysis. Lastly, while surveys can touch on latent factors when related to specific variables, this is not a defining characteristic of surveys as a method. Thus, the emphasis on closed-route questionnaires as a typical feature distinguishes surveys from other data collection approaches.