What is a common risk associated with qualitative research?

In qualitative research, one prominent risk is the low sample sizes that can lead to biased results. Qualitative studies often involve smaller sample sizes compared to quantitative research due to the intensive nature of data collection methods, which include interviews, focus groups, and observations. Each of these methods requires significant time and resources to conduct thoroughly. Because the participant pool is limited, it can be difficult to generalize findings across a broader population, which increases the potential for bias. If the sample does not adequately represent the diversity of the target population, the insights gained may reflect only a narrow perspective, resulting in conclusions that may not be applicable to everyone.

This concern contrasts with other options. Difficulty in collecting detailed data doesn't typically characterize qualitative research, as one of its strengths is the provision of rich, detailed data derived from open-ended questions and interactive methods. Overly complex statistical analysis is more relevant to quantitative research, where data are analyzed statistically rather than through interpretative frameworks. Lastly, while participant engagement can varying levels of commitment, qualitative studies often rely on deep engagement from participants to elicit meaningful information, hence it is not a common risk compared to the issues associated with sample size.