Which of the following defines a theoretical framework?

A theoretical framework is primarily defined as a guide for measurement and interpretation of findings. It serves as a foundation upon which research is built, helping to identify variables and formulate hypotheses. By offering conceptual clarity, it allows researchers to analyze data in a structured manner, making it easier to draw meaningful conclusions from their findings.

This framework synthesizes existing theories and literature related to a particular topic, providing a lens through which the research question can be viewed. It informs both the design of the study and the interpretation of results, ensuring that the investigation is grounded in established knowledge.

The other areas mentioned, such as methods for data collection and statistical techniques, pertain to specific aspects of research methodology but do not capture the overarching role of a theoretical framework, which is critical for tying the research process to existing knowledge and theory. Ethical considerations, while important in research, are not the focus of what a theoretical framework aims to achieve.